Author: Shelby Benavidez
Contributing Attorney: Ashley Carpenter
Navigating the legal system can be stressful, especially if you’re the one standing before the judge. From the words you say to the clothes you wear, everything communicates something about you. When it comes to courtroom appearances, attire can influence not only perception but also outcomes. This guide takes a legal look at how to dress for court, why it matters, and what to wear (or not wear) whether you’re a man or woman.
Is There a Dress Code for Court?
Courts may not always publish a detailed dress code, but expectations are clear: dress in a way that shows respect for the judicial process. Most courthouses include signs or guidelines stating “no shorts, no tank tops, no hats,” but even beyond those, there’s a strong presumption that all parties—litigants, witnesses, and observers—will dress conservatively and professionally.
While there is no federal law mandating courtroom attire, individual courts and judges often set their own standards. Attorneys are typically bound by bar association ethics and court decorum rules, and while these don’t formally bind laypersons, failure to follow courtroom norms can result in consequences.
Family courts, criminal courts, and civil courts may differ slightly in tone, but the principle remains the same: dress like you’re attending a job interview at a conservative company. Dressing appropriately is part of showing the court that you take the proceedings seriously.
Do Judges Really Care What You Wear?
Yes—judges do care. While they are legally obligated to be impartial, judges are human beings, and like anyone else, they make subconscious judgments. Attorneys often advise clients to dress in a manner that communicates responsibility, reliability, and remorse (in the case of criminal proceedings) or stability and seriousness (in family or civil cases).
Courtroom attire can also influence the jury. Research shows that juror perception is affected by visual cues, including dress. Someone who dresses poorly may inadvertently signal that they are indifferent, disrespectful, or unreliable, which can erode their credibility.
“Just like a job interview or a first date – first impressions matter,” said Daniel Stark Attorney Ashley Carpenter. “While jurors are instructed to only consider the evidence presented, dressing appropriately for court shows the judge and jury that you appreciate and respect them.”
Moreover, for repeat offenders or those seeking leniency, proper attire can be a small but effective part of showing remorse and respect. In immigration or family law hearings, where discretion plays a significant role, presenting yourself respectfully can tilt the balance in your favor.
What Happens If You Don’t Dress Properly for Court?
Failing to dress appropriately can result in several consequences:
- Being asked to leave or reschedule: If you show up in clothing that violates basic decorum (e.g., beachwear, offensive slogans, visible undergarments), you may be asked to leave and return properly dressed.
- Negative impression: Judges might interpret your appearance as a lack of respect or seriousness, which can influence decisions about bail, custody, sentencing, or settlement.
- Courtroom sanctions: In extreme cases, inappropriate attire may result in contempt of court or fines, especially if a judge has issued specific warnings.
You don’t need a three-piece suit, but you do need to show the court that you understand and respect its role.
Tips for Women
What you wear should reflect the seriousness of the proceedings. Here are suitable options:
- Tops: Blouses, dress shirts, or conservative sweaters (avoid plunging necklines or sheer fabrics).
- Bottoms: Knee-length skirts or dress pants; avoid jeans, leggings, or shorts.
- Dresses: Should be knee-length or longer and not too tight or revealing.
- Footwear: Closed-toe flats or modest heels are preferred. Avoid sandals or flip-flops.
- Accessories: Keep jewelry minimal and professional; no flashy or noisy pieces.
Your attire should not only be modest but also comfortable enough to wear for potentially long proceedings.
Do You Need to Wear Your Hair Up?
The most important thing is that your hairstyle reflects a neat and composed appearance. There’s no strict requirement about having your hair up or down, but the general advice is to keep it tidy and away from your face.
Wearing your hair up—such as in a bun, ponytail, or other simple styles—tends to communicate professionalism and restraint. However, if you wear it down and it’s well-groomed, that’s also perfectly acceptable. Keep it simple. Avoid overly dramatic looks that might draw attention away from what really matters – your case.
Colors to Avoid
The color of your outfit matters more than you might think. Here’s what to steer clear of:
- Bright red or neon colors: These can come across as aggressive or attention-seeking.
- Animal prints or loud patterns: Distracting and generally viewed as inappropriate.
- All-black outfits: While black is acceptable, head-to-toe black may be interpreted as somber or intimidating.
Instead, opt for navy, gray, beige, or soft pastels—that project calmness and reliability.
“While it’s okay to show a little bit of personality in your trial outfits, it’s best to stick with muted colors, neutral tones, or professional wear,” said Carpenter. “We don’t want to distract the jury from any valuable testimony.”
Tips for Men
Dress as if you are meeting someone whose respect you want to earn—and whose decision about your future may hang in the balance.
Here’s a legal professional’s short list of men’s attire mistakes to avoid:
- Hats or headgear (unless for religious reasons)
- Graphic t-shirts or shirts with slogans/logos
- Sneakers, flip-flops, or work boots
- Excessive jewelry or chains
- Shorts or athletic wear
Is It Okay to Wear Jeans to Court?
In most cases, no—jeans are not considered appropriate court attire. While dark, non-distressed jeans with a blazer might be acceptable in some very casual or local proceedings (like traffic court), it’s risky.
Instead, choose slacks or dress pants, a button-down shirt or collared polo (tucked in), and dress shoes or clean loafers. A tie is not always necessary, but it is encouraged. If you’re unsure, overdressing is better than underdressing.
Facial Hair and Grooming Standards
Facial hair can influence first impressions in the courtroom. Beards and mustaches have become the norm, but when you have a court date coming up, be sure your facial hair is well-maintained and neatly trimmed. Unkempt facial hair can convey carelessness or disrespect for the formal setting.
From a legal viewpoint, grooming speaks volumes. If you’re seeking leniency or attempting to appear responsible—such as in family court or probation hearings—a clean-shaven or well-groomed appearance helps convey those qualities. Hair should be combed and clean, and avoid excessive cologne or scented grooming products.
“For either gender expression, I always tell my clients that the minimum is ‘formal church’ attire,” said Carpenter. “A suit is great if our client has one, but at the very minimum, a pressed, belted button down shirt and slacks are always appropriate. It’s also important to think about courtroom climate as well. Normally they are too cold or too hot, so plan ahead!”
In court, appearance is not about vanity—it’s about signaling respect for the legal system. Whether you’re a defendant, witness, plaintiff, or spectator, your clothes tell a story. Judges, juries, and attorneys pay attention to the fine details. So, being intentional with your wardrobe can subtly influence how your words and actions are received.
The safest bet for men and women is to choose modest, conservative, and professional attire. Your goal isn’t to stand out; it’s to be taken seriously. When in doubt, consult your attorney, err on the side of formality, and remember: the court isn’t the place to make a fashion statement. It’s where you make your case.
